| UNFCCC | UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, adopted in 1992; COPs are its decision-making body.1 |
| COP | Conference of the Parties — the annual meeting of the Convention's Parties.1 |
| Paris Agreement | 2015 agreement to hold warming well below 2°C and pursue 1.5°C.2 |
| 1.5°C goal | Limit on warming above pre-industrial levels; beyond it, droughts, heatwaves and extreme rainfall grow more frequent and severe.2 |
| NDC | Nationally Determined Contribution — a country's climate plan, updated every five years with rising ambition.2 |
| Global stocktake | Periodic assessment of collective progress towards the Paris goals.2 |
| Net zero | Balancing emissions released with those removed; Türkiye's target year is 2053.3 |
| Mitigation | Measures that cut greenhouse-gas emissions. |
| Adaptation | Measures that build resilience to climate impacts. |
| Blue Zone | UN-managed negotiation area, accredited participants only.4 |
| Green Zone | Host-run public area for exhibitions and events.4 |
| High-Level Champion | Appointed for each COP to mobilise cities, business, investors and civil society; Samed Ağırbaş for COP31.5 |
| ETS | Emissions Trading System — a cap on covered installations with tradable allowances; established in Türkiye by the Climate Law.6 |
| CBAM | EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism — a carbon cost on embedded emissions of certain imports; definitive since 2026.7 |
| Embedded emissions | Emissions released in making a product and attributed to it. |
| Scope 1, 2, 3 | Corporate footprint categories: direct emissions; purchased electricity and heat; all other indirect emissions including the supply chain. |
| MRV | Monitoring, reporting and verification of emissions data. |
| Circular economy | Keeping materials in use as long as possible and turning waste into a resource. |
| TSRS | Türkiye Sustainability Reporting Standards, mandatory above set thresholds.8 |